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San Diego Union Tribune
R.J. Ignelzi
When a senior citizen falls, the impact is more than the pain and impairment of a broken hip or head injury. For many aging adults, a fall could mean the beginning of the end of independence.
“Falls are the leading cause of death from injury among older adults. But even if falls aren't fatal, they're life-changing for this age group,” says Pam Smith, director for San Diego County Aging and Independence Services.
Falls are reported by one-third of all people 65 and older every year. Two-thirds of those who fall will fall again within six months. About 50 percent of the elderly who sustain a fall-related injury will be discharged to a nursing home rather than return home.
“Falls aren't inevitable as you age. People need to know that falls are preventable,” Smith says. “There are many things (seniors) and caregivers can do to minimize the risk of falls and improve safety. This can be life-saving stuff.”
Here's a look at the five key risk factors of falls among older adults and how to prevent them.
OSTEOPOROSIS. A decrease in bone density makes bones more prone to fractures. Brittle bones not only break after a fall, but can also break when stressed and in turn cause a fall.
Prevention tips:
Eat or drink sufficient calcium.
Get enough vitamin D to enhance the absorption of calcium.
Do weight-bearing exercise regularly.
LACK OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY. Failure to exercise can result in poor muscle tone, decreased strength and loss of bone mass, all of which contribute to falls.
Prevention tips:
Walk, swim or do other exercise at least every other day to increase muscle strength and improve balance.
Practice gentle stretching or yoga with a class or DVD.
Wear proper-fitting, supportive shoes with low heels or rubber soles.
more tips tomorrow
or go to How can I reduce the risk of falling?
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